Ms. Marvel: Marvel’s New Model of Islam’s Representation in Popular Culture

  • Anisa Hanifah UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
  • Lili Awaludin UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
  • Hasbi Assiddiqi UIN Sunan Gunung Djati Bandung
Keywords: Islam, Ms. Marvel, Popular Culture, Representation, Stereotypes

Abstract

This research aims to examine the Ms. Marvel (2022) film series as Marvel's new model in representing Islam throughout popular culture's advancement. Ms. Marvel, known as Kamala Khan, is the first Muslim superheroine character to have her own series at Marvel. This research investigates how the creation and development of this character reflects an invention in the representation of religion and diversity in an entertainment industry that is generally dominated by Western narratives. The research method employed a descriptive qualitative analysis utilizing a cultural studies approach to discern Islam’s representation in Ms. Marvel (2022). Supported by representation and ideology theories, this research would not only examine the impact of Ms. Marvel's character on the general perception of Islam in popular culture but also analyze how the entertainment industry in its entirety may serve as a means to construct a more inclusive perception of religious diversity. The results of this research are intended to offer deeper insights into characters' roles such as Ms. Marvel in reimagining representations of Islam in popular culture and to contribute towards readers' comprehension of the entertainment industry's power through inclusive narratives. Therefore, Ms. Marvel as Marvel's new model in representing Islam may change the negative stereotypes and people's perceptions of Islam.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Ahmed, S., & Matthes, J. (2017). Media representation of Muslims and Islam from 2000 to 2015: A meta-analysis. The International Communication Gazette, 79(3), 219–244. https://doi.org/10.1177/1748048516656305

Al Wazni, A. B. (2015). Muslim Women in America and Hijab: A Study of Empowerment, Feminist Identity, and Body Image. Social Work, 60(4), 325–333. https://doi.org/10.1093/sw/swv033

Amri, H. S., & Maylani, I. (2020). Paradoxality of women positions in othello by Shakespeare: The study of class and race intersections. JELITA: Journal of English Language Teaching and Literature, 1(2), 12–20. https://jurnal.stkipmb.ac.id/index.php/jelita/article/view/60

Andreassen, A. B. (2019). Yes, We Khan: Diversity and De-Monsterization of Muslim Identities in ‘Ms. Marvel’ (2014–). Nordlit, 42, 67–82. https://doi.org/10.7557/13.5005

Angeles, V. (2016). Philippine Muslims on Screen: From Villains to Heroes. Journal of Religion & Film, 20(1). http://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/jrf/vol20/iss1/6

Aswad, M., & Sardi, A. (2023). The Discourse Analysis of Diction Effects on Teachers Used in Teaching English as a Foreign Language. AL-ISHLAH: Jurnal Pendidikan, 15(2), 2647-2654.

Aziz, A. (2019). Pendidikan Etika Sosial Berbasis Argumentasi Quranik. Andragogi: Jurnal Pendidikan Islam Dan Manajemen Pendidikan Islam, 1(3), 466–489. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36671/andragogi.v1i3.68

Barker, C., & Jane, E. A. (2016). Cultural Studies: Theory & Practice. In Sage Publication, Inc. SAGE Publications.

Bordwell, D., & Thompson, K. (2008). Film Art: An Introduction (Eight). McGraw-Hili.

Brown, B. (2012). Cinematography: Theory and Practice: Image Making for Cinematographers and Directors (Second). Focal Press.

Colon, C. A. (2013). Carol Danvers: Earth’s Mightiest Hero. The Beacon Conference, 48–66.

Creswell, J. W. (2013). Qualitative Inquiry and Research Design: Choosing Among Five Approaches (Third). SAGE Publications.

Dixit, P. (2022). Race, Popular Culture, and Far-right Extremism in the United States. Palgrave Macmillan. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-10820-4

E.W.K, E. N., & Fitratullah, M. (2018). Minority Voices In Power Rangers Movie. NOBEL: Journal of Literature and Language Teaching, 9(1), 9–17. https://doi.org/10.15642/nobel.2018.9.1.9-17

Eagleton, T. (2005). The English Novel: An Introduction. Blackwell Publishing.

Eagleton, T. (2008). Literary Theory: An Introduction (Anniversar, Issue 465). University of Minnesota Press.

Hall, S. (1997). Representation: Cultural Representations and Signifying Practices. SAGE Publications.

Hendrajat, S. B., Priyawan, P., & Sudarisman, Y. (2023). Cinematography in Gabriele Muccino’s The Pursuit of Happiness (2006). Call, 5(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.15575/call.v5i1.19539

Hullfish, S. (2017). Art of the Cut: Conversation with Film and TV Editors. Routledge. www.routledge.

Ishak, A. H., & Osman, M. R. (2016). A Systematic Literature Review on Islamic Values Applied in Quality Management Context. Journal of Business Ethics, 138(1), 103–112. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10551-015-2619-z

Kent, M. (2015). Unveiling Marvels: Ms. Marvel and the Reception of the New Muslim Superheroine. Feminist Media Studies, 15(3), 522–527. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1080/14680777.2015.1031964

Kets, M. Van. (2018). The Emotions of a Lens: A study on cinematography and case studies on the cinematographer’s role in the cinematographic discourse of a narrative film. Ghent University.

Khairita, M. N. (2017). The Representation of Muslim in The Physician Film. State Islamic University of Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta.

Khaydarovna, T. M. (2022). Main Stages of Development of World and National Cinematography. Gospodarka i Innowacje, 21, 59–61. https://gospodarkainnowacje.pl/index.php/issue_view_32/article/view/75

Kolker, R. P. (2016). Film, Form, and Culture (Fourth). Routledge.

Laboni, F. B. (2014). Representation of Islam in Western Media and Literature. DIU: Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 2, 77–89.

Lankhuizen, T., Bálint, K. E., Savardi, M., Konijn, E. A., Bartsch, A., & Benini, S. (2022). Shaping Film: A Quantitative Formal Analysis of Contemporary Empathy-Eliciting Hollywood Cinema. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 16(4), 704–718. https://doi.org/10.1037/aca0000356

Lewis, A. D., & Lund, M. (2017). Muslim Superheroes: Comics, Islam, and Representation (Illustrate). Ilex Foundation.

Majumdar, A. (2018). Reasons Makes Muslim Superhero Ms. Marvel Kamala Khan Awesome Just Like Everyone. ABC Research Alert, 6(1), 65–76. https://doi.org/10.18034/ra.v6i1.323

Malkiewicz, J. K. (2012). Film Lighting: Talks with Hollywood’s Cinematographers and Gaffers (Revised an). Prentice Hall Press.

Mandler, J. M. (2014). Stories, Scripts, and Scenes: Aspects of Schema Theory. Psychology Press. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315802459

Mirrlees, T., & Ibaid, T. (2021). The Virtual Killing of Muslims: Digital War Games, Islamophobia, and the Global War on Terror. Islamophobia Studies Journal, 6(1), 33–51. https://doi.org/10.13169/islastudj.6.1.0033

Morrison, T. (1993). Playing in the dark: whiteness and the literary imagination. Vintage Books.

Nusrat, A., Kashif, F., & Aemen, A. (2020). Ideological Representations of Muslims in Hollywood Movie ‘The Kingdom’: A Study of Critical Discourse Analysis. Research Journal of Social Sciences & Economics Review, 1(3), 63–71. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.36902/rjsser-vol1-iss3-2020(63-71)

Paramita, A. P. (2019). Ms. Marvel As a Representation of the Struggle for American Identity. Rubikon : Journal of Transnational American Studies, 3(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.22146/rubikon.v3i1.44368

Petrie, D. W., & Boggs, J. M. (2018). The Art of Watching Films (Ninth). McGraw-Hill Education.

Plate, S. B. (2017). Religion and Film: Cinema and the Re-Creation of the World (Second, Vol. 24, Issue 2). Columbia University Press. https://doi.org/10.3138/jrpc.24.2.330

Punter, D. (2013). The Literature of Terror: A History of Gothic Fictions from 1765 to the Present Day. Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315842158

Rusli, R. (2020). the Role of Family in Preventing Social Conflict in Society From Islamic Perspectives. HUNAFA: Jurnal Studia Islamika, 17(1), 108–122. https://doi.org/10.24239/jsi.v17i1.576.104-118

Shaheen, J. G. (2009). Reel Bad Arabs: How Hollywood Vilifes A People (Updated Ed). Olive Branch Press.

Spring, J. (2016). Deculturalization and the Struggle for Equality: A Brief History of the Education of Dominated Cultures in the United States (J. Spring (ed.); 8th ed.). Routledge.

Storey, J. (2018). Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: An Introduction (Eight). Routledge. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781315226866

Zamzami, M. I., Krenata, N. A. C., & Rohmana, W. I. M. (2023). The Use of Poetry in English Learning for Islamic Junior High School Students. Jelita, 4(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.56185/jelita.v4i1.108

Zemaityte, V., Karjus, A., Rohn, U., Schich, M., & Ibrus, I. (2023). Quantifying the global film festival circuit: Networks, diversity, and public value creation. Center for Open Science.

Published
2024-03-03
How to Cite
Hanifah, A., Awaludin, L., & Assiddiqi, H. (2024). Ms. Marvel: Marvel’s New Model of Islam’s Representation in Popular Culture. JELITA, 5(1), 180-194. https://doi.org/10.56185/jelita.v5i1.544